Effective Grad School Recommendation Letters

Powerful Grad School Recommendation Letters Youve been solicited to compose a letter from proposal. No simple assignment. What makes a proposal letter great? Successful letters of proposal share these 8 attributes practically speaking. 8 Simple Characteristics to Feature Clarifies how you know the understudy. What is the setting for your assessment? Was the understudy in your group, an advisee, an examination assistant?Evaluates the understudy inside your subject matter. Inside the setting wherein you know the understudy, how did the person perform? How successful is an examination assistant?Evaluates the understudies scholastic limit. This is simple if the understudy was in your group. Consider the possibility that the understudy isn't. You can allude to their transcript, yet truth be told, quickly as the panel will have a duplicate. Dont squander space discussing the target material they as of now have. Discussion about your involvement in the understudy. On the off chance that an examination right hand, you ought to have some grip on their scholastic fitness. On the off chance that an advisee, allude quickly to your conversations and give clear models that show scholarly potential. On the off chance that you have little as scholastic contact with the understudy, at that point offer an expansive evaluative expression and use proof from another region to help. For instance, I expect Stu Dent to be a fastidious understudy, as he keeps exceptionally cautious and precise records as the Biology Club Treasurer. Assesses the understudies inspiration. Graduate examination involves more than scholarly abilities. Its a long stretch that takes a lot of perseverance.Evaluates the understudies development and mental fitness. Is the understudy full grown enough to acknowledge the duty and deal with the inescapable reactions and even disappointments that will go with graduate study?Discusses the understudies qualities. What are their best traits? Give guides to illustrate.Its point by point. One of the most significant things you can do in improving the viability f your letter is to make it as point by point as could be expected under the circumstances. Dont simply inform them regarding the understudy, show them. Dont simply state that the understudy can comprehend complex subjects or cooperate with other people, give definite models that delineate your point.Its genuine. Recall that despite the fact that you need the understudy to get into graduate school, it is your name that is on the line. On th e off chance that the understudy truly isnt a solid match for graduate examination and you suggest him in any case, the personnel at that school possibly could recall and later on pay attention to your letters less. All things considered, a decent letter is exceptionally positive and point by point. Recollect that an unbiased letter won't help your understudy. Proposal letters, by and large, are certain. Thus, impartial letters are seen as negative letters. On the off chance that you cannot compose a gleaming letter of suggestion, at that point the most legitimate thing that you can accomplish for your understudy is to let him know or her and decrease their solicitation to compose a letter.

Indigenous Populations Health Case Analysis Essay -- Healthcare Indig

Presentation â€Å"Homo sapiens†, likewise called people are best depicted as social creatures. The responsibility of this human conduct lays with various variables, similar to culture, progress, previous history, and so forth. Among these components, culture is the most critical. In the contemporary society, culture alludes to composite save of standards, convictions, information, time idea, relations, and so forth gave from age to age, by gatherings (Roshan Cultural Heritage Institute, 2001). Among the a great many culture rehearsed all through the world, native culture is one of the most extravagant and most seasoned culture which is evaluated to be 58000 to 75000 years of age (Goosen, 2000, p. 72). Various societies have particular discernments to the models of wellbeing. This exposition highlight over the native culture, various models of wellbeing and their pertinence to the contextual investigation of jenny. Conversation of contextual analysis Being an indigenous woman, jenny is profound established into her way of life and society. In light of her child conveyance, she moved to urban zone which made her defenseless against assortment of tensions and stress. English colonization on Australia â€Å"Terra nullius† was the official fiction, which lead to the intrusion of British Empire on Australian terrain. Fundamentally, it implies the empty and unpossessed territories (Germov, 2009, p. 119). The main British armada showed up at Botany Bay in 1788. This lead to different issues in the Australian indigenous society for example culture conflict, indigenous dispossession, and so forth. Culture conflict The term â€Å"culture clash† suggests to the interruption between the individuals when at least two societies exist together. Ordinarily, culture conflict is the downside of multicultural society. As indicated by Crisp and Taylor (2009, p.113), distinctive reality... ...stone. Epstein, R. M., and Borrell-Carrio, F. (2005). The biopsychosocial model: Exploring six inconceivable things. Families, Systems, and Health, 23(4), 426-431. Germov, J. (2009). Second assessment: A prologue to wellbeing human science (fourth ed.). South Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press. Glittenberg, J. (2004). A transdisciplinary, transcultural model for human services. Diary of Transcultural Nursing, 15(1), 6-10. Goosen, G. C. (2000). Christian and Aboriginal interface in Australia. Philosophical Studies, 60(1), 72-94. Gustafson, D. L. (2005). Transcultural nursing hypothesis from a basic social point of view. Advances in Nursing Science, 28(1), 2-16. Roshan Cultural Heritage Institute: Cultural comprehension through instruction and correspondence (2001). Recovered Dec. 1, 2010, from http://www.roshaninstitute.org/formats/System/details.asp?id=39783&PID=474552

Find Your Next Crime Novel with CrimeBookJunkie

Find Your Next Crime Novel with CrimeBookJunkie Crimebookjunkie.co.uk is a riveting blog that will keep you entertained and engaged as you learn which crime books are worth your time. Noelle Holten, who runs the site, creates honest and captivating reviews about a large variety of crime novels.CrimeBookJunkie reviews only crime novels that Noelle (or one of her guest reviewers) enjoyed reading and would recommend to her readers. She keeps her reviews positive and offers only constructive criticism when necessary. Although she will no longer give star ratings after February 2018, she clarifies that she reviews only books that she considers between three and five stars. Reviews posted on the site before February 5, 2018 still include her (or her guest reviewers) star ratings.Noelle worked as a senior probation officer for more than 17 years, so she is very familiar with the criminal justice system and applies that knowledge when reviewing. She exhibits personal knowledge about believability in the criminal system and the various per sonality types that are frequently represented in the justice system and crime books. As a reader and a writer, I found her assessments of character development really informative and helpful. Noelles writing style is casual and playful, and she addresses her readers as if we already know each other in real life. Her lighthearted humor comes through in her writing and is quite endearing. Here is a perfect example of her unique voice from her review of Liars by Frances Vick: It is deliciously devious, twisted and grabs you by the cahonies before kicking you to the curb! You can find an example of her expert use of constructive and kind criticism in her review of Silent Victim by Caroline Mitchell: As an author, Caroline really knows how to create characters that get under our skin, whether we love them or loathe them, they stay with us. I thought the ending was wrapped up a little too quickly for my liking but that works sometimes…maybe its because I just wanted more!In addition to her feisty written voice, Noelle is also dedicated to her readers and provides a response on virtually every comment that readers post on the blog. This is a time-consuming task, but it shows that she really is invested in her readers and cares about their opinions.Noelles dedication to the genre and to her blog is evident on every page within the site. As a result, crimebookjunkie.co.uk is a standout blog that has caught the attention of many people within the blogosphere and has won multiple awards.CrimeBookJunkie features guest reviewers as well, which you can find mixed in with the rest of Noelles reviews. Noelles regular guest reviewer Claire Knight stopped reviewing as of January 2018, when she moved on to start her own review site. Noelles generous and caring personality shines in her farewell to Claire, and you can tell that she was a wonderful mentor who truly wants the best for those working with her. Claire contributed numerous solid and valuable reviews over the course of two years; those reviews will continue to be available within the Guest Reviews section.Since Claires departure, BookAddictShaun is currently the most frequent guest reviewer and offers a more serious and introspective look into the books reviewed. I really appreciated and enjoyed his analysis of the risks involved with making our lives available (and stalkable) via social media in his review of The Photographer by Craig Roberston. Although BookAddictShaun offers more in-depth insights on the topics covered within the books he reviews, he maintains Noelles refreshing policy of keeping reviews positive and providing any negative comments in a constructive manner. An example of Shauns constructive criticism can be found in his review of The Photographer: I found the ending left me wanting more, but perhaps because no precedent has really been set it was kind of left a little bit open-ended but I would have liked a few more chapters concluding the story. That said the closing chapte rs in particular were some of the strongest and most emotional in the whole story.Another important aspect of the reviews on the site is that they do not contain spoilers. Although Noelle and her guest reviewers discuss the books strengths and weaknesses and delve into character development and plot twists, they take care not to accidentally step into spoiler territory that would ruin the book for blog readers.The site features a separate heading for guest reviews, but there are no current guest reviews available on that section of the site. It appears she has just formed a partnership with a new guest reviewer known as Scottydog, so keep an eye on this page to see exciting reviews from this featured reviewer.The primary source for new information on the site can be found within Reviews, Interviews Stuff. In addition to reviews and interviews, Noelle posts current news and information from the literary world, including book fairs and literary agent information on this page.A sideba r titled Review Categories which is located about halfway down on the right-hand side of the site offers an alphabetized list of the sites topics for quick and easy navigation. I found many fascinating links within this sidebar. The second link entitled Author Interviews takes you to a page with at least twenty different interviews, which are interesting and informative. Noelles energetic and familiar tone must be contagious because the authors she interviews respond with funny and unique answers. For example, one of my favorite responses was from Jonothan Cullinane, author of Red Herring.Noelle asked, If you could describe yourself in three words, what would they be?His response: Ask. My. Wife.Crime book writers interested in submitting their books for review can do so on the site, although Noelle warns that she is currently swamped with books to review and is currently not taking on new books; she may pass them along to guest reviewers. Under Review Policy, she explains her book p references and provides instructions for submitting review requests (hint: do not use the comment feature to request a review). You can either email her directly with your information for the review or you can fill out the form on the right-hand side of the page about halfway down, just under the banners for the multiple awards the site has won. You will need to provide only your first and last name, your email address, and whatever comments you feel are necessary. She does provide a disclaimer that if you do not hear a response within two weeks, then you can assume that she will not be reviewing your book. As with all other comments on the site, she responds with kindness to comments requesting that she review books and she reminds them of the proper submission method.The site also hosts occasional giveaways, which any reader interested in crime books should bookmark and check regularly! Most of the giveaways include books that are signed by the author, but last year she even hoste d a CrimeBookJunkie giveaway that included an awesome miniature bookcase necklace, a CrimeBookJunkie notebook, and a magnetic bookmark. To enter the giveaways, readers merely have to comment on the giveaway post and include their name and where they live. Not all giveaways are available internationally; since Noelle is based in England, some giveaways are open only to UK readers. However, it is worth checking because she offers international giveaways whenever she can.CrimeBookJunkie also offers excerpts from crime novels to give readers a glimpse inside some of the reviewed books. The excerpts are frequently featured as a stop along a books blog tour, and crimebookjunkie.co.uk seems to be on the blog tour for many of the premier crime books, so you can hope to see either a thorough review or an excerpt (maybe even both!) for the best crime books on the market.The site offers cover reveals for upcoming novels as well. Noelle usually includes a book review as part of the cover reveal , and she enjoys the suspense of making her readers wait until she has properly introduced the author, provided a synopsis of the book, and written a thorough book review before revealing the exciting graphics of the cover. Although they say you cant judge a book by its cover, the cover reveals featured on the site definitely make you want to pick up a copy and read the book behind the cover.The site is also a terrific resource for finding out about literary events and crime book events in England. Noelle is located there, so most of the events she promotes take place in and around England.The best way to stay engaged and to make sure you do not miss any news from the crime book world is to sign up for updates on the right-hand side of the site. Simply enter your name and email, and you will receive CrimeBookJunkie post notifications in your inbox whenever there is a new post on the site. Any crime writers or readers should head over to the site immediately to sign up for the newsle tter and spend some time in Noelle Holtens delightful little corner of the Internet.

The German and American Correctional System Essays

This paper explores the advantages of the German correctional system and the changes that could be made to the current American system to improve its efficiency. Several different comparison studies as well as statistics obtained from credible online sources aid in highlighting the advantages of three key components of the German penal system which make it more successful in crime inhibition and recidivism prevention than the current American counterpart. Reintegration and rehabilitation as the primary aspect in a judge’s choice of verdict are discussed first, following the availability and condition of programs existing in prison for offenders that have been sentenced to incarceration, as well as the ongoing care and help available for†¦show more content†¦This translates to a prison population rate of 79 per 100,000 of national population. This is close to only 10% of the American rate. The prison occupancy level based on official capacity in Germany was determined to be 83.3%. This information helps determine the two nations’ â€Å"punitivity ratios† (Comparisons of Crime in OECD Countries, 2012) which are determined by the number and length of prison sentences given in relation to the offenders who have been found guilty. Out of 34 countries, the United States ranks number 1 with a punitivity ratio of 1.471, while Germany can be found on rank number 22 with a punitivity ratio of 0.069. An article in The Economist describes that an average of â€Å"43% of American offenders are returned to state prison within three years of their release† (2011), with rates being significantly higher in large cities. The BMJ in Germany reports that only 33.7% of offenders experienced recidivism (2011). This data is alarming from an American point of view. The question has to be raised what it is that makes the German penal system so different and presumably so much more effective than the American equivalent. The most significant factors that need to be considered are the general focus on prevention and alternate sentencing versus a maximum number and length of prison sentences, the conditions and programs offered for those offenders that do receive incarceration sentences, and the aid offenders with alternateShow MoreRelatedThe Problem With Mass Incarceration1445 Words   |  6 Pagesproduced by these overcrowded prisons cost the country a substantial amount of money every year. Although people are incarcerated for a number of reasons, the country’s prisons are focused on punishment rather than reform, and the result is a misguided system that fails to rehabilitate criminals or discourage crime. By researching mass incarceration, I hope to get society to understand that incarcerating an individual not only effects the family, but we will look at the long term consequences on societyRead MoreThree Day Road And Criminal Justice1743 Words   |  7 Pagesof the Criminal Justice system, the two narratives tackl e important issues. With the soldier’s experiences, the reader contemplates the place of law and justice on the battlefields and the effect of these actions once the war is over. As we learn about the life of the soldier’s aunt, we are made aware of the wrongs done to Native American people in Canada’s history and how this is still having repercussions. By reading â€Å"Three Day Road,† people involved in the justice system are presented with issuesRead MoreThe Role Of Gangs On The Criminal Justice System1587 Words   |  7 PagesJustice Gangs Assessed Juveniles’ participation in gangs is an ongoing issue continuing to face the Unites States of America’s criminal justice system in modern society. The first active gangs to appear within Western society were inscribed by a respected chronicler of crime in Britain 1873. Gangs first emerged into American society around 1783 as the American Revolution drew to a close. More serious street gangs, however, did not surface until the early part of the nineteenth century. 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The goal of a civil court is to provide legal remedies that ultimately solve problems. Civil law can be based on state or federal statuteRead MoreSentencing And Correctional Policies During The United States Essay1730 Words   |  7 PagesSentencing and correctional policies in the United States are said to be a lot rougher than most European countries today. Although some may have a different view point and assume we have better prisons, a further look into Germany s prison shows us just how much better they are in prison styles and comfort for the inmates. Going further into I will discuss crime rates, incarceration rates and how different the policies and sentencing procedures really diffe r and how the outcome and recidivismRead MoreDeath Penalty Information Center, â€Å"The Report Concluded1569 Words   |  7 Pagessentenced to death for the murder of a fellow inmate in Florida’s Union Correctional Institution. The conviction was based entirely upon the testimony of another prisoner who testified that he saw them leave the victim’s cell shortly before his body was discovered.† In both of these cases the witnesses had made up their stories but it was not the Justice Department that decided to look further into these convictions. One was a German anti-death-penalty activist and the other was a film maker. This isRead MorePrison Gangs2927 Words   |  12 Pageslike Illinois, as much as 60 percent of the prison population belongs to gangs. The Florida Department of Corrections has identified 240 street gangs operating in their prisons. (Insight on the). Prison gangs cause a lot of problem in the correctional system because what it is doing is se parating inmates in to groups and then the groups dont like each other. Though out this paper I will break down the top five prison gangs and discuss there similarities and differences. Prison gangs haveRead MoreEssay on Prison Gangs: Gangs and Security Threat Group Awareness2814 Words   |  12 PagesPrison System consists of eleven classified security threat groups; Texas chooses to classify a gang as a STG when they become involved in violent activity. â€Å"Prison gangs exist in the institutions of forty states and also in the federal system† (Clear and Cole, 2000, p. 260). Three main stages that the offender will experience with the S.T.G. are recruitment, the gang experience, and affiliation upon release. Recruiting efforts begin with the intake of the offender into the prison system. TheRead MoreCriminal Psychology : Crime And Crime2074 Words   |  9 Pagesof crime. Sometimes it is like a text we need to analyze it from the surface into the deep thinking. The term first appeared in criminal psychology in 1790 German Munch preparation of the psychology of crime in the penal system of influence; the earliest of criminal psychology is the title of the 1792 book written in German by Shaoman Criminal Mind On learning. The time goes back to the 18th century, and early 19th century formed the first active period of the Criminal Psychology. Driven

A New Society The Expansive Realm Of Islam - 879 Words

Helen Santos April 7, 2016 History 110A-Section 04 MWF 11:00AM Chapter 14: A New Society: The Expansive Realm of Islam Chapter 14 in the book Traditions and Encounters: A Global Perspective of the Past by Herrry H. Bentley and Herbert F. Ziegler is mainly about Muhammad, the prophet, and his world, the expansion of Islam, economy and society of the early Islamic world, and its values and cultural exchanges. This chapter begins with the Muhammad and the message he brings. It all began in the Arabian Peninsula, which was mostly desert. The people who lived there were called Nomadic Bedouin, and they are organized in family and clan groups. The importance of long-distance trade networks became important again between China, India, and Persia, Byzantium. The section starts talking about the early life Muhammad ibn Abdullah was born in to a Mecca merchant family in 570 C.E. He had a difficult life growing up, but in 595 C.E, he married a wealthy widow. By the time, he was thirty he became a merchant and exposed too many faiths. He had a spiritual tra nsformation at the age of forty, and declared that there was only one true god, whose name was Allah, â€Å"the god.† His believe that Allah would soon bring judgment on the world, and the divine messenger, Gabriel, delivered these revelations to Muhammad. The Quran, also known as the â€Å"recitation,† is the holy book of Islam. Muhammad followers complied with his revelations. They had works of poetry and definitive authority on Islam;Show MoreRelatedImperial Expansion in Global Asia 1400 to 1800729 Words   |  3 Pageslike Timur in Central Eurasia, the Ming and Qing, as well as the Mughals, Ottomans, and Safavids expanded their territories through military conquest and commercial penetration. As they established political control over much more vast tracts of land, new commercial networks and culture interactions were also emerged. Also, it was a time of global imperial expansion. Asia was connected to the broader global interacting patterns with the increasing i nvolvement of western Europeans. The Ming (1368-1644)Read MoreChristianity And Islamic Influences On Sexism1790 Words   |  8 PagesSteven Egbalic Sociology 381 Professor Cretney 12/06/2014 Christianity and Islamic Influences on Sexism Introduction The language of the written principles in both Christianity and Islam is gender bias, written in the masculine voice. The idea being argued is that sexism is fueled by the continual desire to place one gender as dominate to another. The Bible has clearly referred to gender in the male context, whereas the Quran is not as open regarding the male references in their religiousRead MoreLinks Between Law And Religion2795 Words   |  12 PagesEzel Barroso A11186276 Professor Magagna Poli 136 Final Paper: Prompt #4 – Links between Law and Religion Law is one of the critical foundations of modern society. 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The Emperor Diocletian partitioned the realm into equal parts with the Eastern Empire represented out of Byzantium (later Constantinople)Read MoreQuran And Woman By Amina Wadud3067 Words   |  13 Pagesappointment as God’s moral agent (khalifah) on earth. Advancing the tawhidic paradigm in inside the gender Jihad, Wadud continues to advocate for gender justice in the wider pursuit of an â€Å"Islamic Justice tradition†. Her objective is to determine how Islam can be reinformed by its own egalitarian principles as a dynamic system whose practices fulfil the goal of Justice at the same time that its concepts of Justice are adaptable to actual historic and cultural Situations. She aims to illustrate that theRead MoreCatal Hyuk2725 Words   |  11 PagesCHAPTER ONE: Before History IDENTITIES: Complex Society Paleolithic Venus Figurines Metallurgy Social Class/Social Structure Lucy Neolithic Lascaux Cave Paintings Neolithic Revolution Agricultural Revolution MAP: Olduvai Gorge Neander Valley Catal Huyluk Lascaux CHAPTER TWO: Early Societies in SW Asia and Indo-European Migrations IDENTITIES: The Epic of Gilgamesh Sargon of Akkad Hammurabi’s Codes/Laws Stele Assyrians EconomicRead MoreKhasak14018 Words   |  57 Pagestranscendentalist in his novels. His economy of words, intensive brooding, and blooming imagination made his characters break the boundaries of region and religion. His strokes were bold and subtle, traditional and modern. He lifted himself to the rarified realm of literary icons with his iconoclasm as well as irony. Sex, satire and deep sorrow marks much of writing. Vijayan has remained a thoroughly Indian writer by sustaining a certain continuity of the tradition established by Vaikom Muhammed Basheer. HeRead MoreUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 PagesDubai has been the world ´s catalyst regarding construction and project development until the world economic crises started. The world was able to witness the creation of palm jumeirah the world’s biggest artificial island. UAE has become the source of new developments in order to differentiate their country to others. Within the UAE each area takes a different approach. III- Social Institutions: A-Family: The United Arab Emirates(UAE) is part of the Gulf States located in the Middle East. UAE is primarilyRead MoreUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 PagesDubai has been the world ´s catalyst regarding construction and project development until the world economic crises started. 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Administration department Free Essays

Administration is that part or department of an organisation that is responsible in realising the organisation’s objectives and ensuring the best services. It is also responsible for ensuring that what was put down by the management is accomplished. It is therefore the duty of any department to define and put down effective entities in an organisation to realize management dreams and desires. We will write a custom essay sample on Administration department or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will be discussing some of the major objectives in an organization and how they achieve satisfaction in realization of an organization’s dreams. I will discuss three areas; Separation of duties, Employment policies and practices and security management planning. Separation of duties Separation of duties can be defined as breaking down responsibilities in an organisation to show specific controls to different employees. It will be rather difficult to carry out fraudulent activities if at all a single procedure with several steps are carried out by so many people rather than a single person. One way of achieving separation of duties is by having an organizational chart. It is very important that there exists an organizational chart in any organization. This is because every employee is supposed to know and take care of his or her own responsibilities. A place in the organizational chart will help the employees in knowing whom they are supposed to report to and who reports to them. A clear separation of duties, achieved through drawing down an organizational chart, helps in diversification of duties makes employees aware of each other’s responsibilities. Another approach to separation of duties in an organization is the procedure manual. A procedure manual can be defined as a document that consists of the various positions in an organisations and how they should be performed. Employment policies and practices. Any organization or industry is eligible to realizing its dreams. One such dream is offering the best services. Employees are not only manpower in the organization but also part of the skills necessary for realizing its dreams. It is therefore very important that employees are employed based on some procedure. It is the duty of an organization to carefully scrutinize employees before hiring them. This is to ensure they are qualified and have no record of any questionable activity. It is the duty of the administration in any organization or industry to create an atmosphere that will be desirable and positive to its employees. Employees should be promoted on the basis of their performance and not seniority. It is the duty of the administration in any management of an organisation to make sure employees are being trained not for what they currently do but for possible positions they are eligible to fill in an organization. Â  By doing this, cases of fraud will be minimal. This is because the administration will have engaged its employees as part of the solution rather than them being part of the problem. The employees will therefore less likely involve themselves in cases of fraud. Instead when such cases occur there are high chances of detection and reporting to the administration by the employees. Employees are a good source of such information because they tend to know about each other so well than the administration or management in any organization. Security management planning An organization faces different scenarios at different times. They vary from sometimes violent and rapidly changing scenarios. These scenarios are some of the risks faced by security by any administration in an organization. An effective security management system put in place will be able to confront such risks. It should therefore have some characteristics. That includes a dynamic security system inclusive of a framework of guidelines that will be able to provide consistency for future decisions. Dynamically a management system can be broken further to different entities. That is scenario analysis and strategy, planning, working and finally evaluating a security scenario. Security management can also be viewed as an incremental process. This is because not so much can be predicted prior to an insecurity incident occurring. Security management is a process can be described as partial and selective. It is therefore necessary that an administration set a careful security management plan and a step-by-step procedure so that it can be able to make incremental changes in managing its security. Reference: Razek, Joseph R; Brandt, Lyloyd; Sullivan, Jacqueline. Mar/Apr 1991. Protecting Your Organization’s Assets: A Primer on Internal. Pg 27. www.jha.ac/articles/060.pdf Pankau, Edmund J. Nov 1995. Inside Job. Pg 32 How to cite Administration department, Papers

Compensation Management for Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

Question: Discuss about theCompensation Management for Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation. Answer: 3M Canada is a company with diversified business operation system. The company manufacture products in different industries so as to satisfy the demands of the market. The company applies managerial strategy to plan most of the operations within the scope of its operation. The managerial strategies applied by 3M involves five areas. That is their environment, their strategy, their technology, their size and their workforce. In this paper, we consider the workforce of 3M Canada. Therefore, compensation system needs to be applied to improve workforce in 3M Canada. Typically, compensation refers to benefits achieved by employees of a company as a result of extensive work. Therefore, the main aspect of a compensation system that needs to be improved by 3M Canada is workforce. This aspect has a perfect positive correlation towards achieving goals and objectives in the 3M organization. In order to fully demonstrate the managerial strategy to be applied in the workforce, we consider the present relationship between 3M Canada and the employees. From the case study, it is very clear that 3M Canada has a close relationship with employees. There are a lot of privileges granted to employees by the company. From the case study, the workforce in the company is relative older with an age average of 46-year-old. For that reason, 3M employs 80% of workers on a permanent basis. The other 20% is under contract. The company provides the employees with career growth and development. This is achieved through annual reviews, training and equal opportunities. 3M provides leadership training to high potential employees. Other benefits granted to employees include improved infrastructure, retirement benefits, and incentives plans, medical and dental benefits. However, despite all these benefits, there are changes that need to be improved so as to build a better workforce. The first issue relates to policy regarding paid absences. The employee gets 3 weeks paid vacation after one year of employment. This policy needs to be improved. 3M needs to reconsider this policy and provide equitable services to all employees (Kelly, 2014). For this policy to be effective, 3M needs to pay employees equally on vacation regardless of years of work. This strategy should be guided by Bill 148 of Employment. Another aspect that needs to be improved in the workforce is minimum wage. 3M needs to increase the minimum wage for employees. This will assist the company to maintain differentiation of different grades of workers. This strategy should be formulated by 3M compensation team so to provide the best base salary for workers. The compensation team needs to re-evaluate the budget so as to initiate a new pay grid for employees. This strategy should be guided by Pay Equity Legislation. Another aspect of a workforce that needs to be improved is wage rate adjustments. There are cases of minimum wage hiking in Alberta and Ontario. 3M needs to review the minimum wage adjustments in these areas (Senger, 2005). This requires a compensation system where compensation team needs to initiate legislative changes in all provinces in Canada. Lastly, a better compensation package for employees needs to be improved. This should be achieved through job rotation, diversifying skills for workers, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to employees. References Kelly, D. (2014). The Book on Incentive Compensation Management. Compensation Architect. Senger, J. (2005). Designing a Not-for-Profit Compensation System. Wiley.

Personality Analysis

Personality Analysis ity reveals much of who a person really is. Being able to know the strengths and weaknesses of an individual gives that certain person a chance to adjust himself to becoming an individual that he really wants to be that could likely affect not only himself but also that of the other individuals living around him.

Journal Writing in the Elementary Classroom

Journal Writing in the Elementary Classroom An effective Journal Writing program doesnt mean you just sit back and relax while your kids write about whatever they want. You can use well-chosen journal topics, classical music, and checklists to make the most of your students daily writing time. In my third grade classroom, students write in journals every day for about 20 minutes. Each day, after read-aloud time, the kids go back to their desks, pull out their journals, and start writing! By writing every day, the students gain fluency while getting a chance to practice important punctuation, spelling, and style skills in context. Most days, I give them a specific topic to write about. On Fridays, the students are so excited because they have free write, which means they get to write about whatever they want! Many teachers let their students write about whatever they want every day. But, in my experience, student writing can tend to get silly with a lack of focus. This way, students stay focused on a particular theme or topic. Journal Writing Tips To start, try this list of my favorite journal writing prompts. Engaging Topics I try to come up with interesting topics that are fun for the kids to write about. You can also try your local teacher supply store for topics or check out a kids books of questions. Just like adults, children are more likely to write in a lively and engaging manner if they are entertained by the topic. Play Music While the students are writing, I play soft classical music. Ive explained to the kids that classical music, especially Mozart, makes you smarter. So, every day, they want to be really quiet so that they can hear the music and get smarter! The music also sets a serious tone for productive, quality writing. Create a Checklist After each student finishes writing, he or she consults a small checklist that is pasted into the inside cover of the journal. The student makes sure that he or she has included all of the important elements for a journal entry. The kids know that, every so often, I will collect the journals and grade them on their latest entry. They dont know when I will collect them so they need to be on their toes. Writing Comments When I collect and grade the journals, I staple one of these small checklists to the corrected page so that the students can see which points they received and which areas need improvement. I also write a short note of comment and encouragement to each student, inside their journals, letting them know that I enjoyed their writing and to keep up the great work. Sharing Work During the last few minutes of Journal time, I ask for volunteers that would like to read their journals out loud to the class. This is a fun sharing time where the other students need to practice their listening skills. Often, they spontaneously start clapping when a classmate has written and shared something really special. As you can see, theres much more to Journal Writing than just setting your students loose with a blank pad of paper. With proper structure and inspiration, children will come to cherish this special writing time as one of their favorite times of the school day. Have fun with it! Edited By: Janelle Cox

Schooling and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Schooling and Society - Essay Example Thus, the curriculum in education was extremely utilitarian-valuable and useful (Chitty 2004). However, the young generation of the 21st century were not blinded by the management of the government and Beare (2001, p.6) described them as the most ruthless critics of the present management of the world and and the least likely to be estranged. The young generation witnessed the need for a lot of change in the schools' goals and aims, impositions from interests, school operation, and the kind of students to produce. However, it was observed that the schools that are looking for the economically productive, the achievements of individual students, the values of schools, the tangible and intangible outcomes of schooling, the impact of schools on the labour market, and the responsibility for societal well-being have lessen in time. In the beginning of the 21st century, accountability, which is the reliability that comes with the control, power and responsibility to perform something, became the most necessary in most educational systems (Heim 1996). This essay aims to give an overview of the changing educational systems due to the demands of good performance from the working society. As strengths and weaknesses are discussed, the question lies if accountability truly meets the demands that professional performance should improved in their outcomes. Accountability became an international issue during the bloom of the 21st century (Anderson 2005). A lot of European school systems such as those of England and France make use of examinations in measuring student's entre to the next educational level. Anderson (2005, p.3) noted that accountability systems represent already established communal values and aspirations. Educational opportunity has been replaced by equal attainment which is concerned with equal access and treatment to education. But the question is what should be expected of children to learn in exchange for the formal education they obtained. Anderson (2005, p.4) noted that this is based on values, aspirations, expectations and goals society wants their citizens to achieve. Research has shown (Ylimaki et al. 2007) that school's ability to perform successfully to improve student achievement is being hindered by poverty. However, Ylimaki (2007, p.362) mentioned that schools in the USA, England and Australia are accountable for the success of all children, ignoring the social contexts the children are in. All politicians try to raise the educational standards of schools in order to help the mass education (Chitty 2004). However, providing education in the lower classes could be damaging to their morals and happiness and may teach them how to despise their present status in life. Thus, education was seen in utilitarian terms in which purposes of educational standards is mainly to prepare children for the working life. It is a social function of schooling that suggests a promotion of a form of education that is already opened to modern ideas and ready to challenge past conventions which tackle issues of equity and social justice. Schools aim to aid in helpin g to build a strictly extensive society where cultural, racial, and religious forms of diversity are observed. This is relevant for accountability in education involves the different social classes within

A summary of The Color of Love by Danzy Senna (summarize) Essay

A summary of The Color of Love by Danzy Senna (summarize) - Essay Example This was one of the reasons for her sense of superiority over others. Her daughter however did not follow her example and fell in love with a black man, much to her mother’s discontent. Her daughter had three children from this marriage, two sons and one daughter. The daughter was Danzy Senna. This was the bone of contention between the grandmother and Danzy’s mother because she wanted her daughter to marry a white guy just like she had. Therefore despite having black grandchildren, she had deep seated racism planter in her heart. Danzy wanted to have a loving relationship with her grandmother however their differences never really gave her a chance to love her. Danzy’s grandmother was also a regular drinker which is why she never really refrained from venting out her feelings. She was always very blunt which is evident from the incident that took place on the night when she asked Danzy, â€Å"Do you have a man?† and then added â€Å"What is he?†, i mplying that she was interested to know his race. Their relationship took a turn when the grandmother was chiding the cleaning lady. This incident gives Danzy a chance to express her true feelings towards her grandmother’s attitude. That day, Danzy came out of her reverie and strictly told her grandmother that she would not tolerate her talking to the cleaning lady like that and also reminded her about the abolishment of slavery. This incident further increases the grandmother’s already deep-rooted hatred for other races. However for Danzy, the event allowed her to think of herself as an equal of any other race or position. However it was like Danzy had learnt to live with her and after this incident she started to visit her grandmother more frequently. Their relationship had become one of tolerance and this continued until her death. Danzy, her mother, as well as her aunts, all were

Msg And Its Neurological Effects Biology Essay

Msg And Its Neurological Effects Biology Essay Due to evolving since in fields such as food science pharmacology, pediatrics, medical psychology, and toxicology, various food additives have come under a sharp review. In the medical field, a controversy has been ranging as to whether MSG should be used at all since diverse research case studies have not only shown its negative effects on health in general but also its neurological effects. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) has been used as a flavorant in the food industry for close to one hundred years in foods consumed by the masses daily. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies MSG as a food ingredient that is considered generally safe for use by the public, a number of researches such as by Schwartz have shown that it is harmful to the users health and should therefore be banned. Glutamate is naturally found in foods such as milk, poultry, meat and vegetables. Further, the body naturally produces glutamate which is essential for the nervous system. However, syntheti c manufacture has been proven to be harmful. This study purposefully outlines such effects on the nervous sytem and serves to support other recent findings against the use of MSG. Introduction MSG is a food additive that is found in most of the commercial foods. It improves the flavor of the food hence attracting customers. In itself, there is no value addition in terms of nutrition. It actually does nothing to food, but to the eater it is detrimental to their health. MSG is referred to as an excitotoxin or neurotoxin. This is the case since it widely involves the neuroscientists field in that it has degenerative and deadly effects on the brain and the nervous system. MSG actually over stimulates the brain neurons to exhaustion leading to their death. MSG goes to the brain through the membranes in the mouth and the throat. It also enters the blood stream through the digestion of food in the digestive system. MSG will trick the brain to thinking that it is getting value from the foods that are being taken in. MSG is not natural in nature. It is manmade from glutamic acid which is an amino acid which is found in complete proteins. Amino acids do occur naturally from many pla nts and animal tissues. The artificially created types of Amino acids are processed through the breakdown and the change of the natural form of glutamate. Some of the natural substances used for this purpose are molasses, grain starches and corn. The manipulation process produces various form of glumate. The d-glumate is never found naturally. The free glumates could enter the body 8 to 10 times faster than the bound or the natural glumates. Natural glumate is found in foods like tomatoes, milk and the mushrooms. The commercial methods or techniques used to manufacture glumate were not in use until the 1960s. The MSG in use today is not at all natural Literature review The current research shows that MSG is the cause of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers Huntingtons, Parkinsons and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroscientists, such as Adriene, have explained that MSG attacks the blood-brain barrier of the brain cells which is responsible for protection and regulation of the delicate chemical exchange within the brain cells. The chemical exchange process is normally well balanced and its functionality is unquestionable. Under normal conditions also the brain and the body immune system handles all kinds of pollutants, diseases and stress. A very small amount of toxic substance can actually cause the brain call to over react leading to excessive exhaustion and death (Samuels). MSG is one of the major excitotoxins and is widely known to cause damage to the brain part that governs or controls other systems in the human body. The damage will probably appear as a disorder in the nervous system and the endocrine system. This can be manifested in the cases of unusual sleeping patterns, persistent hunger and food cravings. This usually leads to obesity. MSG is also known to cause migraine headaches, behavioral disorders, asthma attacks, depression, heart irregularities, arthritis, sinus problems and digestive problems (Anglesey). MSG is a neurotoxin that takes a very short time to create a widely diverse and dramatic effect on the human body. An individual may take a mild dosage of a prescription drug and have mild effects which may even be favorable. However, another person may take the same prescription drug and instead, get depressed, have stomach disorders, a swollen tongue and aching joints. The different parts of the brain do govern various body functions. The part which is attacked will directly depend on the brain part that has been attacked by the excitotoxin. If for example a person has had a head injury, a genetic pinch in a given part of the brain, has had a fever that is attacking parts of the brain, or even has had a stroke, then it is certain that the part of the brain that has been affected will be due to the toxins. Some of the foods that are sold are sold as weight loss promotions to the people. When food substances such as fat and sugar are removed from the foods, MSG together with aspartame is usually added. These excitotoxins are known to cause obesity and irregular heartbeats in many people. FDA usually allows the labeling of MSGS as natural flavors, hydrolyzed proteins and autolyzed yeast when used as just a component ingredient in an additive and not purely MSG. Americans today are consuming 160 million pounds of MSG per annum. A toxicologist and an author by the name Dr, George Schwartz claims that two table spoons of MSG on a piece of bread could kill a medium sized dog within a minute. The FDA in the year 1995 claimed that no one can react to less than 3 grams of MSG per meal. However, despite their confirmation, they have warned that MSG should be avoided by children, pregnant or lactating women, the elderly and those who suffer Asthma. A highly sensitive individual can react even to less than a gram of MSG (Blaylock). Effects and Related disorders Research has shown that in the late 1950s, an estimated amount of 12 grams per person per year of MSG was used by the Americans. Looking at the same issue today, the estimate has shot to between 400 and 500 grams per person per year. This is an amount that needs evaluation by FDA. (Anglesey) The wide usage of MSG came in the mid 1970s. It gained much popularity with producers of food through the 1980s. Two powerful excitotoxic food additives that took the food industry by storm were the MSG and aspartame. MSG has been widely associated with a wide range of diseases, symptoms and complaints. As earlier stated, it affects the neurological system of the body. The same ailments are today being reported to be on their rise. Often the ailments are quite unexpected and hard to explain either. Neorological effects of MSG and statistics of interest published by national organizations have been listed here-in. Fibromyalgia: this is a growing epidemic. Its patients eliminated MSG and aspartame during the study conducted by Florida University which reported complete relief of symptoms in 2001. However, the most cognitive study was carried by Smith, Shmidt and Guns who sought to prove the link between Fibromyalgia and MSG with several other additives as a common rheumatologic disorder. In this case, 4 patients were diagnosed for 2-17 years with fibromyalgia syndrome. However, they had undergone various modalities of treatment while failing to consider MSG as the causative agent. After eliminating aspartame and MSG from their diets, complete or near complete resolution of symptoms diagnosed were recorded within months. In this case analysis, the subjects were women who had multiple comorbidities and recurring symptoms after the ingestion of MSG. It is therefore indicative that t he excitotoxins, present in substances such as Aspartate and MSG, become excitatory neurotransmitters once ingested, and if consumed in excess can lead to neurotoxicity. These 4 patients may therefore represent this fibromyalgia syndrome and act as a link to conclusively establish a link to MSG. Therefore, persistent studies, if carried out on a larger sample, might serve to link the fibromyalgia syndrome to MSG and aspartame more concretely (Murray). Further, a study posted in MSGTruth.org is instrumental in linking MSG to pituitary adenomas. MSG overstimulates the hypothalamus which consequently leads damage on the neurons. The hypothalamus is responsible for directing the pituitary glands actions, which is also referred to as the master gland since it in turn directs all other glands in the body and their actions such as metabolism, development of sex and reproductive organs and other key development functions. Statistics have shown that 25% of Kenyans develop a pituitary adenoma in the course of their lives. However, studies linking pituitary adenomas to MSG are inconclusive. Some studies had previously depicted this as a genetic disorder but have however been proven wrong. About half of the pituitary adenomas secrete prolactin. Prolactinomas vcan become extremely large over time to crowd the optic nerve thereby affecting vision. It is however detected early in women since it interferes with menses and stops ovulation. This prevents conception or pregnancy in general. Further, since prolactin is responsible for lactation, secretion can cause lactation in the victim even if they were never pregnant or even if they are male. Hence, men with these adenomas develop breasts which have the capacity to secrete milk. Unlike in women who are forewarned by the effects on vision or associated headaches, this condition is deadly in men since the tumor can only be detected when it is large and dangerous. Further, research records by most governments are only kept for cancerous tumors while benign tumor, such as in this case, are neglected hence making it the more difficult not only to research on especially as to its link to aspartine and MSG but also to treat. Trea tment is very expensive. There are only two treatments with Dostinex, a carbegoline, is normally preferred which costs approximately $ 30 a tablet. Therefore, there is a need to sponsor more research as to the link to MSG and brain tumors (Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) and Aspartame). Other effects that have been attributed to MSG and its neurological disorders are headaches and migraines, asthma, obesity among others. In headaches and migraines: an approximate amount of $ 2.2 billion per year are being spent on drugs which treat headaches. This chronic condition has received a 74% increase from the years 1980 to 1990. Secondly, Asthma has been linked to MSG and related to the brain effects. According to statistics there was a decline of asthma until the mid-eighties. Since then however, there has been a recorded 100% increase in the rate of death among the children and the seniors. This incidence has increased 600% in the last 10 years. FDA has identified that the uncontrollable asthma can be caused by MSG, unfortunately no further measures are taken to deal with the situation. Defects of birth and disorders of production: MSG has been identified as a mutagen i.e. mutates fetuses. It is said to cause damage to the intellectual development, reproduction, growth pa tterns and the gonadal functions. However, such research has not been concrete. Other effects are neurological or emotional disorders. Laboratory studies have shown devastating effects on brain development. This includes autism, attention deficit, dyslexia, hyperactivity, violent episodes or rage, panic attacks, depression, paranoia, seizures and cerebral palsy. Rats were used for this study. However, human beings are 5 times more sensitive to MSG than rats. Obesity too has been linked to MSG and the nervous system. This is the most consistent effect of excitotoxins exposure and can be termed as a growing problem that does not respect age or sexual boundaries. In fact scientists uses glumate to feed animals used in the laboratories with an aim of inducing obesity. MSG will trigger insulin or adrenalin or fat storage or even a food craving response. This actually depletes the serotonin levels which in turn trigger headaches, depression and fatigue and also leads to food cravings. Finally, it is vital to note the following maladies and diseases are also attributed to MSG. Heart maladies: for the Americans, more than 70 million of them do suffer one or more forms of cardiovascular disease. 43% of all deaths in America are related to this same problem. Cardiovascular operations in the US went up with 287% from the year 1980 to 1990. Alzheimers disease: in the 1980s, this disease was nowhere among the highly identifiable health threats. It is however ranked third in todays statistics after cancer and heart disease. There are 4 million people afflicted by the disease at a cost of $47,000 per person per year in healthcare costs. Parkinsons, ALS, MS and the Huntingtons diseases like Alzheimers are all progressively growing neurogenic diseases that show brain and nerve cell damage. There are also other symptoms of MSG sensitivity that include swollen throat and tongue, joint pain, skin disorders, sleeping disorders, burning, tightness of the face or its redness, vert igo and gastrointestinal complaints. This subject of disorders in behavior for children is becoming a common discussion among professionals. The Studies that are already done have widely associated the violent behavior, attention deficits and emotional instability to chemical imbalances occurring in the brain. The reason that young brains are developing the blood-brain barrier, it is now becoming an extreme possibility that there will be early damage caused by excitotoxins. In April 1994, a time magazine article confirmed the rising problem of behavioral disorders. The magazine stated that the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was not in existence 15 years ago. It is however said that it is now affecting 3.3 million American children. This magazine article quotes a prominent research which 10 years ago stated that symptoms of ADHD and ADD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) vanished with maturity. Today however, ADD is now the fastest growing diagnostic category for the adults. The combination of excitotoxins i.e. MSG and aspartame came into wide usage in the 1980s. The drug sale rate for these disorders has shot up by almost 400% in a period of 4 years only. MSG is now a known mutagen. Its damage occurs in the womb as chemicals pass from the womb of the mother into the blood system of the fetus. The old people do show high vulnerability rates to the progressive neuro-generative diseases. An example of such diseases is Alzheimers.

The Age of Faith Dbq

The Age of Faith The Middle Ages are commonly remembered for King Arthur tales, violent crusades, widespread illiteracy and the bubonic plague. Yet so much more is worthy of remembrance. The philosophers of â€Å"The Age of Reason† called the Middle Ages the â€Å"Age of Faith†. The Middle Ages were steeped in reason, logic, and natural philosophy. The Middle Ages is usually defined as the period between the fall of the last Roman emperor in the West (476 A. D. ) and the fall of Constantinople to the Turks (1453) or the discovery of America (1492). During the Middle Ages, the Church was almost as powerful as the government itself. The Age of Faith is the time in which the Church called for the first Crusade, philosophy flourished in the midst of chaos, and the Church expanded and gained more power. In Pope Urban II’s Call for the First Crusade Pope Urban is calling for Christians to fight in the name of God. The reason being that in the Middle East the Turks and Arabs were persecuting the Christians. The invaders killed and captured the Christians, and destroyed the churches. The Call for the Crusade was a result of a request sent by Emperor Alexios I Komnenos to Pope Urban in 1095. The Emperor asked of the Pope for aid against further invasions. In return for fighting in the Crusade, the Pope promised all who died, by land or by sea, or against the pagans, would have immediate remission of his sins. The remission of sin was a driving factor and provided any God-fearing man who had committed sins with an irresistible way out of eternal damnation in hell. Medieval philosophy is the philosophy of Western Europe from about ad 400–1400, roughly the period between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance. In Medieval Europe by H. C Davis, the accomplishments of the Middle Ages are called to mind. Its culture, specifically the philosophy, flourished even though there were a number of negative factors influencing them. Christianity was an important stimulus to philosophical activity. Its ideas and doctrines constituted a rich source of philosophical provocation. Medieval philosophy, therefore, took root in an intellectual world sustained by the Church and infused with Christianity’s texts and ideas. At the time, he Church was the most powerful influence, almost more so than the government. The government and the Church were almost as one in the same. And that was evident in the philosophies that stemmed from that perspective. The Church was at its peak of power in all of its history. It was that that inspired all the philosophers of that time to reflect and define the world with that mindset; the Church was center of everything in life. In Europe during the Middle Ages the only r ecognized religion was Christianity, in the form of the Catholic religion. The lives of the Medieval people of the Middle Ages was dominated by the church. From birth to death, whether you were a peasant, a serf, a noble a lord or a King – life was dominated by the church. The lives of many Medieval people were dedicated to the Catholic church and religion. In The Monastic Vows of Brother Gerald, Gerald is promising when he becomes a monk to, in a sense give up his life. When you undertake the vow to become a monk, you give up your family and worldly possessions in return for a live of purity, chastity, and poverty. The Truce of God outlines the church’s attempt to decrease the amount of sins that are being committed and restore the peace slowly through a form of a peace decree. This is just one example of the church demonstrating its new power. With its own laws, lands and taxes the Catholic church was a very powerful institution which had its own laws and lands. The Catholic Church also imposed taxes. In addition to collecting taxes, the Church also accepted gifts of all kinds from individuals who wanted special favors or wanted to be certain of a place in heaven. The power of the Catholic Church grew with its wealth. The Catholic Church was then able to influence the kings and rulers of Europe. Opposition to the Catholic Church would result in excommunication. This meant that the person who was excommunicated could not attend any church services, or receives the sacraments and would go straight to hell when they died. The Church was at its height of secular power during the Middle Ages, or the Age of Faith. The church was integrated into every part of Medieval life. In every way that it could, the church would make sure to make its power and influence known of. The Medieval church was corrupt, we can conclude nowadays but it was unknown to its followers then. The church used its power to keep its believers in fear and easier to bend to the church’s will. They accepted bribes and favors to reserve and promise you your seat and place in heaven. But, overall the church in the Middle Ages helped protect its holy land, expanded philosophy and contributed new knowledge on a variety of subjects, all the while ensuring its power as a secular leader. This, the extent of the church’s power, is why the Middle Ages are the Age of Faith.

A Review of Essay Samples for Highschool Students

A Review of Essay Samples for Highschool Students Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. At times, they need incentives. In extreme cases, they may be so frustrated or disappointed in their results that they may consider ending their lives. High school students are needed to compose essays on a number of topics which at first may appear to have nothing in common. High school essay writing is a frequent classroom activity and is also part of several regular examinations. It is required and a free place of learning, while college is optional and expensive. A superb school needs a pleasure atmosphere! It includes many features you want. You might also want to take part in a couple of extracurricular activities, go ahead. The debut of rules in high school makes it possible for you to grow into responsible adults. Public high schools have their very own fair share of issues and in the event the student isn't careful, they could wind up in a huge mess. Even should a program is incorporate in the classroom, it may be out dated within a couple of years. Imagine that you're a high school student. Do you think elementary and higher school students ought to be permitted to use cell. A health care provider may conduct a health examination to gauge if it's the patient is healthy. For instance, if you desire to define a word, you should choose the definition essay and offer a dictionary meaning of the word, together with your own interpretation of it. You're free to request help in persuasive essay assignments besides speech. Each paragraph should explore an exceptional idea. First and foremost it's essential to ensure that you comprehend the essay question fully and your essay answers each part of the question adequately. Following that, give a review of the points you discussed. Furthermore, fantastic thesis statement samples demonstrate that the writer knows of disagreements and difficulties that surround the problem or topic. Some have no clue how they'd begin their book report writing. Therefore, developing a thesis statement is a recursive practice. Basically, evidence ought to be collected after a thesis statement was developed. You must find the most suitable resources for your essay together with patience when finding the proper inspiration to write. In the procedure analysis assignment, the author should develop a detailed, step-by-step how-to guide to be able to inform the reader about how some processes are complete. You should have encounter the challenges in which sometimes it gets quite difficult to even understand the subject of the assignment. Within the body section, you have to give supporting arguments for every single point that you earn. Along with having a proper educational environment, the school must get an amusement and entertaining atmosphere. In high school, you're supposed to select the sort of topic you're going to be in a position to dig into that is, it's necessary for you to make certain you can discover enough info on the matter. You should have your reasons, and our primary concern is that you wind up getting an excellent grade. Asking for a distinctive and unique one on a topic of your choice may be all you desire. Before getting down to the true composing, it's crucial to choose a topic. You only have to earn an assortment of the proper topic you would desire. You could pick a topic that you're not interested in and wind up straining to compose the appropriate concept.

Performance management is a core concept in organizations human resources management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1913 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Cause and effect essay Did you like this example? Introduction The concept of Performance management is a core concept in organizations human resources management in the sense that it centers every organization goal of performing. In this regard, performance management is defined by Murphy and Margulies (2004) as a systematic process that organization involves its workforce in scope of members of a group or/and as individuals to improve organizations effectiveness in order to accomplish organizations goal and mission. The range of activities that encompasses performance management include developing the capacity to perform, setting expectations and planning work, periodically rating employees performance, monitoring workforce performance, rewarding employees good performance and performance appraisal (Murphy and Margulies, 2004). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Performance management is a core concept in organizations human resources management" essay for you Create order However, this paper shall seek to review literature regarding performance appraisal with an aim of uncovering effectiveness to an organization and how to further improve its efficiency. In this regard, the paper shall examine the overall concept of performance appraisal and thereafter shall the significance it has to the overall organizational progress. Moreover, the paper deem fit to examine and explain the various methods of performance appraisal, and on how they are conducted with aim of enriching organizations human resources capacity to meet its objectives. LITERATURE REVIEW: PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL The concept of human resource management is that it touches everybody engaged in any form of employment. This means all employees pass through this process as it is through it that various responsibilities are assigned, and personnel acquired for the right tasks. This paper however looks at the human resource department and actually picks one area, Performance Appraisal, and then proceeds to expounding on the role played by performance appraisal. The importance of performance appraisal is without doubt enormous it is an integral part of performance management. Clearly, it is not the only tool to be used to manage performance but, nevertheless, it is one of the ranges of tools of Performance appraisal in the field of human resource management which is used as a tool for evaluating employees. It acts as an effective management and evaluation scheme of staff, aimed at developing, and improving organizational performance. In the corporate world there are the annual, or semi-annual performance appraisals, in which individual staff members are evaluated by their line managers, or Directors being appraised by the Chief Executive Officers, and the CEOs appraised by the company owners or rather the chairman. Therefore performance appraisal touches all the aspects of the organization since all members within a corporation undergo this appraisal at different stages. Performance appraisal according to Grote and Grote (2001) is a formal management system that provides for the evaluation of the quality of an individuals performance in an organization. The term performance appraisal is synonymous to employee appraisal, performance review, or career development discussion. A more encompassing definition is actually provided by Grote (2007) whereby performance appraisal is arguably considered to be a means through which the job performance of an individual is gauged both in terms of quality, quantity, cost, and time, and basically by the respective manager or superviso r (Grote D., 2007, April 29). Therefore performance appraisal falls under the process of career development. It involves the obtaining, analyzing, and recording facts about the corresponding value of an employee to the organization. It is as well an inquiry into the successes of an employer as well as his/her failures, his/her strengths and weaknesses, and finally his/her suitability for promotion and recommendation for further training(Grote D., 2007, April 29) Performance appraisal is therefore a way of assessing the conduct of individual employees at work, quantitative as well as qualitative features of the job. Performance appraisal possesses both systematic as well as objective ways of evaluating employee potential and getting to know how to promote and improve this employee (Grote D., 2007, April 29). Performance appraisal, according to CIPD research(2010, Feb), should however be distinguished from a top down process or rather a situation whereby one person asks question s while the other one answers. It is an opportunity for the parties concerned to engage themselves in a dialogue regarding individual performance, development, as well as to receive the required support from the manager concerned (CIPD, 2010 Feb). CIPD research emphasizes the significance of an affirmative relationship between the staff and the line managers as a result of performance appraisal, but goes ahead to distinguish between performance management with performance appraisal. Accordingly, performance management falls under the strategic level management, and is rather broader as it concerns long term goals; it joins various aspects of business, employee management, groups, and individuals. On the contrary, performance appraisal focuses heavily on the operational aspects which are either short term or medium term (CIPD, 2010 Feb). How to Conduct Performance Appraisal The CIPD research rightfully indicates that conducting performance appraisal is not a clear cut proces s and that there exists several ways to conduct this appraisal process. However it has been proven that a certain number of elements are essential as pertains this process of performance appraisal. These include; measurement, feedback, positive reinforcement, exchange views, and agreement (CIPD, 2010 Feb). Regarding measurement, the manager, assesses employee performance basing on the targets that have been set and agreed upon by both parties, as well as the objectives. For example, in a sales process, a sales executive will be given a target of $1,500,000 on a monthly basis. This implies that the employee attains a 100% mark upon achieving this goal. Failure to achieve it leads to some either further training as per the way forward or termination of the contract. Feedback on the same note is very essential, for it provides employees with in formation regarding their performance and progress. It is actually through feedback that an employee is able to correct areas that need a ttention. Positive reinforcement on the other hand, lays more emphasis on the individual achievements of a member of staff within an organization. It involves constructive criticism on the weaker areas of individual performance. Another key element is that of exchange of views which according to CIPD (2010) involves looking at what has happened, then going a step further to defining on how appraises can lead to improvement of performance on the part of the employees, the kind of boost that should be provided to them, and finally focusing on the aspirations of these employees. In this way the emphasis is shifted from a top down manner of leadership to a more dialogue-oriented style. The Significance of Performance Appraisal Researches conducted by various scholars rightfully indicate that performance appraisal is without doubt, of great importance. Performance appraisal analysts Grote and Grote (2002) in a very reasonable way assert that performance appraisal serves the foll owing functions. According to Grote and Grote, (2002) state that performance appraisal is essential provision of feedback to employees about their performance. The provision of feedback is a common explanation for a business to have a performance appraisal system. Through it the employee learns how well he/she has been doing and then uses that information to develop in the future. Hence, performance appraisal helps by ensuring that the managers prospects are communicated. Additionally Grote (2007), emphasize that performance appraisal assists in the determination of those who qualify for promotions. Almost everyone in an organization wants to get ahead. How should the company decide who gets the brass rings? Performance appraisal makes it easier for the organization to make good decisions about making sure that the most important positions are filled by the most capable individuals. Moreover, performance appraisal facilitates the layoff or downsizing decisions within the organ ization (Murphy and Margulies, 2004). Performance appraisal, promotions are unanimously needed; and people will always avoid dismissals. But forced by economic circumstances an organization has to downsize. Performance appraisal ensures that the most brilliant employees are retained and that only the organizations peripheral performers downsized (Murphy and Margulies, 2004). Performance appraisal encourages performance improvement and superior performance (Grote and Grote, 2002). Superior performance is another classic aim for having a performance appraisal system. Performance appraisal motivates people to perform superiorly in several ways; to begin with, it helps them learn superior standards of an organization. Then, it provides them with ways to show that they really are. Conclusively, performance appraisal inspires individuals to avoid being branded as poor performers (Grote and Grote, 2002, p.210). Furthermore, Grote and Grote, (2002) emphasize that performance appraisal facilitates the setting and measuring goals. The process of goal setting has constantly been revealed as a management process that leads to optimal performance. Therefore, performance appraisal in most cases is used to ensure that organizational members set and achieve operational targets (Grote and Grote, 2002, p.209). Murphy and Margulies (2004) state that performance appraisal help to counsel poor performers. Within an organization setting, some employees do not meet the expected targets. Their standard of performance is questionable and therefore it is the role of managers to use this as an effective tool for counseling these employees. Performance appraisal is a useful tool for the determination of compensation packages. Performance appraisal acts as an efficient method of determining those employees who deserve what pay. It is actually a way of facilitating improved performance so that as employees are executing their mandates, they ensure that they are as well motivate d with better pay. Therefore in the light of Grote, those who do better work receive more pay (Grote and Grote, 2002, p.231). Performance appraisal encourages coaching and mentoring. With regard to coaching and mentoring Grote affirms that managers are expected to play the role of good coaches to members of their team as well as mentors to their responsibilities. Performance appraisal recognizes the areas where coaching is essential and motivates managers to actively embrace the role of coaching (Grote, D. Grote, R., 2002). Performance appraisal promotes manpower planning or succession planning. Organizations that are well-managed from time to time assess their basic strength to ensure that they have the aptitude in their positions that they will need thereafter. Organizations should define who and where their most brilliant members are. They should identify the sections that are endowed with talent and those lacking talent. Performance appraisal therefore acts as a tool requ ired to ensure they have the intelligent individuals required in the long run. Reviews by Murphy and Margulies (2004) Performance appraisal is instrumental in determining individual training and development needs. If the performance appraisal procedure includes a requirement that individual development plans be determined and discussed, individuals can then make good decisions about the skills and competencies they need to acquire to make a greater contribution to the company. As a result, they increase their chances of promotion and lower their odd of layoff. This is another classic reason for having a performance appraisal system. Performance appraisal helps motivate people to deliver superior performance in several ways. First, the appraisal process helps them lean just what it is that the organization considers being superior. Second, since most people want to be seen as superior performers, a performance appraisal process provides them with a means to demonstrate that they a ctually are. Finally, performance appraisal encourages employees to avoid being stigmatized as inferior performers (p.215). In summary, performance appraisal serves a very significant role in the process of dealing with employees and assisting them to focus on the organizational main objective. It provides a firm basis for various issues either in terms of compensation, performance evaluation, or in looking for the way forward so that the organization maintains its stability amid the competitive environment. The various methods analyzed indicate that one tool cannot be used to evaluate employees but rather a collaborative method. The traditional method makes evaluations a one-point focus in the long run hence the modern methods.